Solar PV Modules
Solar modules are the generating heart of a PV plant. Today's main crystalline technologies are Mono PERC (P-type), TOPCon (N-type) and heterojunction, HJT (N-type). N-type modules generally offer higher efficiency, better high-temperature performance and higher bifaciality.
For subsidised and government-linked projects in India, modules must usually be listed in ALMM and BIS certified; we will confirm compliance for the model you select.
Module technologies compared
| Item | Mono PERC (P-type) | TOPCon (N-type) | HJT (N-type) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Efficiency | 20%-21.5% | 22%-24% | 24%-26% |
| Temperature coefficient (Pmax) | -0.34%/°C | -0.30%/°C | -0.25%/°C |
| Bifaciality | 60%-70% | 70%-80% | 85%-95% |
| Standard | UL/ IEC-61215/IEC-61730 | UL/ IEC-61215/IEC-61730 | UL / IEC-61215/IEC-61730 |
| Certifications | ALMM & BIS | ALMM & BIS | ALMM & BIS |
| Typically chosen for | Lowest cost per watt | Most new rooftop and ground-mount projects | Limited roof area, highest output per m² |
Typical values from manufacturer catalogues; the datasheet of the specific module is shared with each quotation.
Choosing a module technology
Mono PERC remains a cost-effective choice for many projects. N-type TOPCon and HJT modules offer higher efficiency, better temperature behaviour and lower degradation, so they produce more energy from the same roof or land – useful where space is limited or the climate is hot. Bifacial modules also collect light reflected from the ground and suit raised ground-mount structures.
Compare wattage, efficiency, temperature coefficient, warranty and the module dimensions that affect the mounting structure. Modules feed string combiner boxes or a DCDB and then the solar inverter. See all solar equipment.
Where it is used
- Industrial and commercial rooftops
- Ground-mounted and open-access plants
- Carports
- Agricultural solar pumps
Solar PV Modules – FAQ
Which module technology should I choose?
Mono PERC is the economical option; TOPCon is the mainstream high-performance choice; HJT gives the highest efficiency where space is tight. The best fit depends on budget, space and site temperature.
What is a bifacial module?
A module that also generates from light reflected onto its rear side, adding energy on reflective ground or elevated structures.
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